Investigation of a Suspected Case of Adverse Events Post Immunization (AEFI) In the Health District of Commune VI, Bamako (Mali), June 2021

Abstract

Introduction: A post-immunization adverse event (AEFI) is any adverse medical event following vaccination that is not necessarily causally related to vaccine use. Reporting and investigating AEFIs is useful to identify and avoid reactions related to vaccination error and to distinguish between an inconsistent concomitant event and a vaccine reaction or other vaccine-related event. Our objective was to investigate a case of AEFI in Commune VI of Bamako, June 2021.

Methods: This was a descriptive case study that took place in June 2021 following the notification of a case of severe AEFI with necrosis of the left arm in Commune 6 of Bamako.

Results: This is the case of Ms. YD, 44 years old, with no known history of having received a dose of Astra Zeneca's Covishild vaccine administered by the mobile vaccination team at a community health center in Bamako. The onset of symptomatology dates back to 2 hours after vaccination, marked by pain and redness at the injection site. The addition of swelling of the left arm on Day 1 post-vaccination followed by self-medication based on anti-inflammatory which leads to an accentuation of symptoms with the appearance of fluctenes and fistulization complicated by necrosis.

Conclusion: This investigation allowed us to report a case of severe AEFI whose most likely hypothesis would be ERYSIPELE in a lady whose course was marked by a total recovery with preservation of the sensory and motor function of the arm.