Pathogenesis and Clinical Implications of Left Ventricular Hypertrophy in Hypertension, Especially in Patients with Borderline and Low Grade Hypertension

Abstract

Physical exercise and   systemic  hypertension  are associated with cardiac adaptive mechanisms. As left ventricle is more prone to BP changes, the impact is most prominent on the left side of the heart, which leads to left ventricular remodeling and in consequence left ventricular  hypertrophy. [1]Since the sensitivity of the different ECG criteria may be as low as 7 to 35 percent with mild LVH and only 10 to 50 percent with moderate-to-severe disease, echocardiography is the diagnostic procedure of choice [2] Although it is relatively insensitive, electrocardiography (ECG) does have prognostic significance [ 3] Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is a common finding in patients with fixed or borderline  hypertension.  Previous studies have already shown that exaggerated response of BP to exercise is a valid risk factor for future developing of hypertension. It often does not correlate with a grade of hypertension the objective or the article is to collect information about studies that review structural and functional cardiac changes seen in patient with High normal and Grade I hypertension.