Reengineering a Water Supply Scheme with a Hybrid Energy Source in the Niger Delta, Nigeria
Keywords:
EPANET Simulation on Google Map of Gokana, Existing Water Supply Scheme (EWSS), Hybrid Energy System, Reengineered Water Supply Scheme (RWSS), Total Dynamic HeadAbstract
This paper reports the reengineering of an existing water supply scheme to include a treatment system and a hybrid energy system which combines solar energy and a diesel-generator energy source that would enable provision of potable water for Gokana, Rivers State, Nigeria. The existing scheme is reengineered to serve a projected population of 389,155 persons with an estimated water demand of 0.97m3/s. The diesel-generator is used to power the submersible pumps and the solar energy is used to power the water treatment system and a surface pump. The submersible pumps are selected to operate at a total capacity of 1.01m3/s, head of 65m and required total power of 770kW, to pump raw water from the aquifer into a 21900m3 raw water tank in 6 hours per day. The surface pump is selected to operate at a capacity of 0.04m3/s, head of 16m and power of 8kW, to pump treated water into a 540m3 overhead tank in 4 hours per day, from where it is delivered by gravity into the distribution system. The Google map of Gokana was loaded to EPANET software and simulated to show the flows and pressures in the distribution system. The 162kWh/day of energy required from the solar system would require a total of 135 solar panels, covering an array area of 262m2. The peak power of the array amounted to 44kW and the energy generated would be stored in an 500kWh battery storage system. The bill of engineering measurements showed that the reengineered water supply scheme can be implemented at a cost of ?132, 682, 990.
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